Know Your Grapes.

Bold, structured, and age-worthy — Cabernet Sauvignon is the world's most planted red grape variety and the backbone of some of the finest wines ever made.

Aromatic, savoury, and quietly elegant — Cabernet Franc is the supporting actor that often steals the scene, producing some of the world's most perfumed and ageworthy reds.

Plush, approachable, and endlessly versatile — Merlot is Bordeaux's most-planted grape and the variety that taught the world red wine doesn't have to be intimidating to be profound.

Ethereal, elusive, and endlessly captivating — Pinot Noir is the most temperamental and rewarding grape in the world, capable of producing wines of haunting beauty.

Infinitely adaptable and endlessly debated — Chardonnay is the most planted white grape variety on earth, capable of everything from lean, mineral Chablis to opulent, oak-rich Californian gold.

Dark, intense, and unmistakably dramatic — Shiraz (or Syrah) is a grape of two identities: the elegant, peppery wines of the Rhône Valley and the powerful, fruit-driven blockbusters of Australia.

Known as Shiraz in Australia, Syrah is the same noble grape in its cooler, more restrained European expression — all cracked black pepper, violet, smoked meat, and savoury complexity from the granite slopes of the northern Rhône.

Zesty, herbaceous, and unmistakably vibrant — Sauvignon Blanc is the white grape that wakes up the palate, from the flinty Loire to the sun-drenched hills of Marlborough.

Honeyed, waxy, and astonishingly long-lived — Sémillon is the grape behind the world's greatest sweet wines and one of Australia's most under-celebrated dry white treasures.

Precise, aromatic, and endlessly versatile — Riesling is the grape that serious wine lovers return to again and again, capable of everything from bone-dry to lusciously sweet.

Hauntingly perfumed, fiercely tannic, and profoundly age-worthy — Nebbiolo is Italy's most noble red grape and the soul of Barolo and Barbaresco.

Bright, juicy, and beautifully food-friendly — Barbera is the wine that fuels family tables across Piedmont, with the depth and acidity to age far longer than its reputation suggests.

Soft, fruit-forward, and beautifully aromatic — Dolcetto is Piedmont's most approachable red, the wine that fills lunch tables and warms long evenings across the Langhe hills.

Savoury, elegant, and oak-loving — Tempranillo is Spain's noble red grape, the backbone of Rioja and Ribera del Duero, and one of the world's great food wines.

Tinta Roriz is the Portuguese name for Tempranillo — the key blending partner to Touriga Nacional in the Douro and Dão, lending structure, dark fruit, and elegant length to Portugal's greatest red wines and vintage Ports.

Bright, savoury, and irresistibly Italian — Sangiovese is the grape behind Chianti, Brunello di Montalcino, and the soul of Tuscan wine culture.

Brunello — literally 'the little dark one' — is the prized clone of Sangiovese grown around the hilltop town of Montalcino, producing the structured, ageworthy, world-renowned reds of Brunello di Montalcino.

Deeply coloured, perfumed, and powerfully structured — Touriga Nacional is the soul of great Port and the leading light of Portugal's modern dry red revolution.

Warm, generous, and beautifully perfumed — Grenache (Garnacha) is the Mediterranean's gift to the wine world, producing everything from powerful southern Rhône reds to hauntingly beautiful rosés.

Garnacha is the Spanish name for Grenache — the same generous, sun-loving grape behind the perfumed reds of Priorat, the old-vine treasures of Calatayud, and the heart of countless great Rioja blends.

Deeply coloured, velvety, and irresistibly plush — Malbec found its true calling in the high-altitude vineyards of Argentina, transforming from a Bordeaux blending grape into one of the world's most popular reds.

Once forgotten in its French homeland, Carménère found a second life in the sun-drenched valleys of Chile — producing wines of gentle spice, soft plum, and a quiet elegance that rewards patience.

Exuberant, fruit-forward, and irrepressibly generous — Zinfandel (known as Primitivo in Italy) is a grape of excess and warmth, capable of producing everything from juicy everyday reds to intense, age-worthy blockbusters.

Versatile, vibrant, and endlessly expressive — Chenin Blanc produces everything from bone-dry minerality to luscious golden dessert wines, making it one of the most underrated grapes in the world.

Intoxicatingly aromatic, richly textured, and utterly distinctive — Gewürztraminer is the most flamboyant grape in the wine world, producing wines of exotic perfume and lychee-scented opulence.

Light and zesty as Pinot Grigio or rich and honeyed as Pinot Gris — this pink-skinned mutation of Pinot Noir is one of the world's most popular white grapes, offering two dramatically different personalities.

Born in a Stellenbosch laboratory in 1925, Pinotage is South Africa's own — a singular crossing of Pinot Noir and Cinsault that delivers smoky, brambly reds unlike anything else in the wine world.

From dry, floral whites to honeyed dessert wines and South Africa's legendary Vin de Constance — Muscat is one of the world's oldest grape families and the only variety that truly tastes of grapes.

Powerful, tannic, and built to age, Aglianico produces some of Italy's most age-worthy red wines — particularly in Campania's Taurasi and Basilicata's Aglianico del Vulture.

Grown on the volcanic slopes of Mount Etna, Nerello Mascalese produces some of the most distinctive red wines in Italy — pale, perfumed, and unmistakably mineral.

Made from partially raisined grapes in the Valpolicella hills, Amarone is one of the most distinctive red wines in the world — concentrated, velvety, and unmistakably Italian.

Often called the Portuguese Nebbiolo, Baga produces some of Portugal's most age-worthy and distinctive red wines — particularly in the limestone-rich vineyards of Bairrada.

Grown on the granite slopes of Rías Baixas in Galicia, Albariño produces white wines of crystalline freshness, salinity, and stone-fruit perfume — built for shellfish and sea air.

Grown on the volcanic, wind-swept slopes of Santorini, Assyrtiko produces some of the most distinctive white wines in the world — bone-dry, intensely mineral, and built to age.

From the volcanic foothills of Naoussa in northern Greece, Xinomavro produces some of the world's most age-worthy red wines — pale, perfumed, tannic, and unmistakably comparable to Nebbiolo.

Crisp, peppery, and remarkably food-friendly, Grüner Veltliner is Austria's signature white grape — producing wines from easy-drinking Heuriger styles to ageworthy Wachau Smaragd.

Grown across Austria, Hungary, and Germany, Blaufränkisch produces structured, peppery red wines of remarkable identity — increasingly recognised as one of central Europe's great grapes.

Made from botrytised Furmint and Hárslevelű grapes in north-east Hungary, Tokaji Aszú is one of the world's great sweet wines — luscious, balanced, and historically the most prized wine in Europe.

From dry, aromatic whites in Friuli to sweet passito wines in Lipari and the historic blends of Madeira, Malvasia is one of the Mediterranean's oldest and most varied grape families.

From the chalk cellars of Champagne to the steel tanks of Prosecco and the pét-nat revival, sparkling wine is one of the most varied and joyful categories in the wine world.

Frothy, floral, and irresistibly easy — Prosecco is Italy's most famous sparkling wine, made primarily from Glera in the rolling hills north of Venice.

Made in the same painstaking method as Champagne but typically a fraction of the price, Cava is one of the world's great-value sparkling wines — particularly from the chalky hills of Penedès in Catalonia.

From the pale, dry rosés of Provence to the structured Tavels of the Rhône and South Africa's serious pink Pinotage, rosé is no longer an afterthought — it's a category in its own right.

From bone-dry Fino under flor to sweet, dark, oxidative Pedro Ximénez, Sherry is one of the world's most diverse and undervalued wine categories — built on the chalk-white soils of Jerez.

From ruby and tawny to vintage and Late Bottled Vintage, Port is one of the world's great fortified wines — made on the dramatic terraced slopes of the Douro Valley in northern Portugal.

Made on a volcanic Atlantic island and deliberately heated and oxidised, Madeira is one of the world's longest-lived and most distinctive wines — capable of ageing for centuries.

Vernaccia di San Gimignano is one of Italy's oldest white wines, grown around the medieval towers of San Gimignano in central Tuscany. Dry, lightly textured, and quietly elegant, it is Tuscany's classic answer to seafood, aperitivo, and warm afternoons.

Vermentino is the white grape of the Italian and French Mediterranean coast — bright, saline, and citrus-driven, with the kind of effortless elegance that belongs beside seafood and a long lunch.

Trebbiano Toscano is one of Italy's most widely planted white grapes — a crisp, neutral, high-acid variety behind countless easy Tuscan whites and, most famously, the dried-grape magic of Vin Santo.

Canaiolo Nero is one of Tuscany's oldest red grapes — the traditional blending partner to Sangiovese in Chianti, lending soft, perfumed fruit and a gentle, rounding sweetness to the region's most famous wines.

Colorino is a traditional Tuscan red grape prized, as its name suggests, for colour — a small but historically important component of Chianti, lending depth of hue, dark fruit, and firm structure to Sangiovese-based blends.

Vin Santo is Tuscany's traditional dessert wine, made from grapes dried on straw mats and aged for years in small barrels. Amber, nutty, and gently sweet, it is the classic close to a Tuscan meal — usually served with crunchy cantucci almond biscuits.

Made by macerating white grapes on their skins for days, weeks, or even months, orange wines are one of the oldest and now one of the most exciting categories in the wine world.

Made in large clay vessels buried in the ground, qvevri wines are the world's oldest continuously practised winemaking tradition — UNESCO-protected, deeply Georgian, and increasingly influential globally.

Sicily's most important indigenous red — generous, sun-soaked, and full of dark fruit, with a savoury Mediterranean soul.

The gentle, perfumed companion to Nerello Mascalese on the slopes of Mount Etna, adding colour, plushness, and floral lift.

The high-altitude white of Mount Etna — taut, mineral, and built to age, with a saline volcanic snap.

Sicily's most-planted white grape, shedding its bulk-wine past for fresh, characterful Mediterranean whites.

A Sicilian white of body and aromatics — once the soul of Marsala, now making vibrant dry whites.

A characterful southern Italian white of Greek origin, giving textured, mineral wines with real depth.

One of southern Italy's finest whites — honeyed, nutty, and mineral, with a rare capacity to age.

A fresh, floral Campanian white that captures the easy charm of the Amalfi and Naples coast.

A light, perfumed Sicilian red bursting with red fruit and florals — the gulpable charmer of the south-east.

Piedmont's elegant white grape — the source of steely, citrusy Gavi.

A fragrant, pear-scented Piedmontese white once on the brink of extinction, now Roero's pride.

Veneto's noble white grape — the source of fresh, almond-scented Soave that can age with surprising grace.

Veneto's signature red — bright sour-cherry fruit fresh, and the powerful core of dried-grape Amarone.

The steady supporting grape of Valpolicella and Amarone, adding colour, fruit, and dependability.

The heart of Salento — rich, warming reds with dark fruit, bitter herbs, and a sun-baked southern soul.

One of the world's most tannic grapes — Montefalco's powerful, ageworthy, intensely structured red.

Central Italy's finest white grape — crisp, citrusy, almond-edged, and capable of remarkable ageing.

A deeply coloured, juicy Alpine red from Italy's far north — bold fruit with a cool, savoury edge.

A featherlight Alpine red of delicate fruit and floral charm — the everyday red of South Tyrol.

The fizzy, food-loving red of Emilia — far more serious and delicious than its sweet reputation suggests.

An Adriatic white of body and grip — citrus, herbs, and minerality with real structure, no sheep involved.

Bright, juicy, and irresistibly drinkable — the grape behind Beaujolais and its cru wines of real depth.

An opulent, perfumed white of apricot and honeysuckle — full-bodied, exotic, and unmistakable.

A full-bodied, nutty white that brings weight and texture to the great whites of the Rhône.

The refined, perfumed partner to Marsanne — bringing finesse, freshness, and floral lift to Rhône whites.

A sun-loving red of power and savour — the backbone of Bandol and the soul of Spain's Monastrell.

A heat-loving red that brings perfume, softness, and pale rosé charm to the wines of southern France.

Once the Midi's bulk grape, now a source of deep, characterful reds from gnarled old vines.

The crisp, saline white of the Loire's Atlantic mouth — the definitive oyster wine.

A bright, lemony seaside white from the Languedoc — fresh, saline, and made for oysters.

The grape behind the Jura's legendary vin jaune — a distinctive, nutty, sherry-like white of cult appeal.

A light, aromatic Alpine red of red fruit and spice — one of the Jura's distinctive native grapes.

A featherlight, translucent red of extraordinary delicacy — the Jura's most ethereal native grape.

The often-overlooked third Champagne grape, adding fruit, roundness, and approachability to the blend.

One of the world's most tannic grapes — powerful and inky in south-west France, plush and flagship in Uruguay.

A deeply coloured, fresh-acid red from old bush vines — one of Spain's most exciting rediscoveries.

A fragrant, mineral red from the slate slopes of Bierzo and Ribeira Sacra — Spain's answer to cool-climate finesse.

North-west Spain's finest white grape — mineral, textured, and ageworthy, with real depth and class.

Spain's vibrant, herb-tinged white — fresh, citrusy, and gently nutty, the signature of Rueda.

The backbone of white Rioja — fresh and floral when young, nutty and complex when barrel-aged.

The leading white of Galicia's Ribeiro — aromatic, balanced, and quietly classy.

Argentina's quietly important red — plush, dark-fruited, and full of easy, juicy charm.

Argentina's aromatic white star — heady florals and citrus that smell sweet but taste crisp and dry.

The continent's old founding grape — light, rustic, and charming, reborn from ancient dry-farmed vines.